Which of the following powers can both state and federal governments exercise?

The ability to collect taxes is a power shared by both state and federal governments. This practice is essential for governance at all levels, as both types of government require revenue to fund their respective functions and services.

States impose taxes such as income tax, sales tax, and property tax, allowing them to manage local infrastructure, education, and public safety. Meanwhile, the federal government regulates and collects various taxes, including federal income tax and corporate tax, to support national programs like defense, social security, and healthcare.

This shared power of taxation embodies the principles of federalism in the United States, whereby both levels of government operate independently yet concurrently in certain areas. The collaboration and overlapping authority in tax collection demonstrate that while the responsibilities may differ, both state and federal governments are integral to the country's economic health and stability.