Which federal courts have the ability to use a jury?

The correct choice is District Courts because they are the trial courts in the federal court system, which means they are the first level of courts where cases are initially heard and litigated. In District Courts, both civil and criminal cases are tried, and one of the significant features of these trials is the option to employ a jury. Juries in District Courts are used to hear evidence, evaluate witness credibility, and render a verdict based on the facts of the case presented during the trial.

In contrast, the Supreme Court does not conduct trials or involve juries; it primarily reviews lower court rulings and interprets the law. Federal Appeals Courts, also known as Circuit Courts, similarly do not use juries because they focus on reviewing the application of the law rather than examining evidence or hearing witnesses. State Courts, while they can involve juries in many situations, are not classified as federal courts and thus do not fit the criteria of the question asking for federal courts.

Understanding this structure helps clarify the role and functioning of different levels within the judicial system, particularly the importance of juries in ensuring a fair trial in District Courts.